When Catholics reform

The criticisms and new theology of the Reformers forced the Catholic Church to undertake a wide-ranging renewal movement. The Council of Trent, which opened in 1545 and lasted until 1563, marked the end of the Catholic Church of the Middle Ages. The training of clergy and the reform of their morals became priorities. Catholic theological positions were clearly defined. And the Catholic "Reconquista" would rely on new religious orders, in particular the Jesuits.